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Research

Survey reports, studies and news on the birds, wildlife and habitats of Seberang Perai, including the Teluk Air Tawar–Kuala Muda Important Bird and Biodiversity Area.

Reports & papers

Survey reports and studies with downloadable copies.
Forest Birds of Seberang Perai: Survey Report (2025)
Report

Forest Birds of Seberang Perai: Survey Report (2025)

143 bird species from more than 50 families in three forests: Air Hitam Dalam, Bukit Mertajam and Bukit Panchor. The final report of the 2025…
Sungai Juru Biodiversity Survey: Findings and Recommendations
Report

Sungai Juru Biodiversity Survey: Findings and Recommendations

Six teams surveyed the birds, fish and water quality, plants, insects, reptiles and amphibians, and mammals of Sungai Juru. A summary of what each found…
Microplastics in Sungai Perai: Final Report (2025)
Report

Microplastics in Sungai Perai: Final Report (2025)

Microplastics were found at every station along the Perai River, and levels rose sharply in the wet season. The final report from the Universiti Sains…
Mammals Survey Report on the Empowerment of Local Communities for Sustainable Eco-Tourism Development in Seberang Perai Utara
Report

Mammals Survey Report on the Empowerment of Local Communities for Sustainable Eco-Tourism Development in Seberang Perai Utara

Seberang Perai's coastline holds the Teluk Air Tawar–Kuala Muda Coast IBA, one of Malaysia's Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas and a candidate for EAAFP Flyway…
Mangroves of Teluk Air Tawar–Kuala Muda: Blue Carbon and Forest Health
Report

Mangroves of Teluk Air Tawar–Kuala Muda: Blue Carbon and Forest Health

Mangroves cover barely 1% of Penang's land area, yet the forests at Teluk Air Tawar–Kuala Muda hold more than US$23 million in stored blue carbon…
Report on Herpetofauna (Reptiles and Amphibians) Survey at Teluk Air Tawar–Kuala Muda
Report

Report on Herpetofauna (Reptiles and Amphibians) Survey at Teluk Air Tawar–Kuala Muda

Penang's reptile and amphibian research has concentrated almost entirely on the island, leaving the Seberang Perai mainland largely unrecorded. This survey documents the herpetofauna of…
Bird Survey Report on the Empowerment of Local Communities for Sustainable Eco-Tourism Development in Seberang Perai Utara
Report

Bird Survey Report on the Empowerment of Local Communities for Sustainable Eco-Tourism Development in Seberang Perai Utara

Seberang Perai's coastline holds the Teluk Air Tawar–Kuala Muda Coast IBA, one of Malaysia's Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas and a candidate for EAAFP Flyway…
Avifauna Survey of The Greater Juru Area, Seberang Perai Tengah, Penang.
Report

Avifauna Survey of The Greater Juru Area, Seberang Perai Tengah, Penang.

The Malaysian Nature Society (MNS) Penang Branch (MNSPg) was commissioned by Golden Highway Auto-City Sdn Bhd (Auto-City) to carry out a survey and produce a…

Important Bird Areas

Why the Teluk Air Tawar–Kuala Muda coast is recognised as an Important Bird and Biodiversity Area, the criteria behind it, and its place on the East Asian–Australasian Flyway.
Read about Important Bird Areas